Liga 1 (English: League One), (Shopee Liga 1 for sponsorship reasons with Shopee),[1] is the men's top professional football division of the Indonesian football league system. Administered by the PT Liga Indonesia Baru (English: New Indonesian League, LLC), Liga 1 is contested by 18 clubs and operates on a system of promotion and relegation with Liga 2.
In its current format, the Indonesian league was revised from having tournament format, to a single-tier league from the 2008–09 season onwards.
Thirty-six teams have competed in Liga 1 since its inception. Six teams have been crowned champions, with Persipura winning the title a record three times. Persipura also won the inaugural Liga 1 (formerly known as Indonesia Super League) in 2009.
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History[edit]Origins[edit]
In 1994, PSSI merged Perserikatan and Galatama to formed Liga Indonesia, integrating the fanaticism in the Perserikatan and the professionalism of Galatama with the aim of improving the quality of Indonesian football. And also marks a tiered system in Indonesian football league in the level of competition.[2]
The format of group stage like Perserikatan, combined with a full competition system followed by the semifinal and final like Galatama, became a combination of Liga Indonesia competition formats.[3]
Foundation[edit]
Modern competition era started. In 2008, PSSI organize Indonesia Super League as the new professional football league in Indonesia, replacing Indonesia Premier Division as top-tier competition in Indonesia.[2] Indonesia Super League which puts full competition format, became a new thing for Indonesian football. If previously Indonesian football was identical to the tournament competition format, now the competition champion was generated from the points obtained in the competition.[3]
The league held its first season in 2008–09. It was composed of 18 clubs for that season. The first Indonesia Super League goal was scored by Ernest Jeremiah of Persipura in a 2–2 draw against Sriwijaya.[4] The 18 inaugural members of the new Indonesia Super League were Persipura, Persiwa, Persib, Persik, Sriwijaya, Persela, Persija, PSM, Pelita Jaya, Arema, Persijap, Persiba, PKT Bontang, Persitara, PSMS, Deltras, Persita, and PSIS. Originally, Persiter and Persmin were qualified as top nine in east region 2007–08 Liga Indonesia Premier Division. But they failed the verification to be inaugural members of the Indonesia Super League.[5]
Dualism[edit]
Liga Primer Indonesia emerged in 2011 as a breakaway league managed by Konsorsium Liga Premier Indonesia and PT Liga Primer Indonesia that was not recognized (initially) by the PSSI. PSM, Persema, and Persibo joined as defectors of Indonesia Super League. That competition was then stopped during the half-season break.
After the inauguration of the new PSSI board, member of Executive Committee and Chairman of the Competition Committee of PSSI, Sihar Sitorus, appointed PT Liga Prima Indonesia Sportindo as new league operator replacing PT Liga Indonesia because they didn't provide an accountability report to the PSSI and announced Indonesia Premier League as the new top level competition in Indonesia.[6]
But the problem arose when Sihar Sitorus said the competition would be divided into two regions and there would be an addition of six clubs in the top division which caused many members to be dissatisfied with it. Therefore, there were defections of 14 Indonesia Premier League contestants to Indonesia Super League. Indonesia Super League keep rolling as illegal competition that is not recognized by FIFA and AFC. Indonesia Premier League became the top-tier league from 2011 to 2013.[6]
In PSSI Extraordinary Congress on 17 March 2013, it was decided that Indonesia Super League would once again emerge as the top level competition as an unification league following the disbandment of the Indonesian Premier League. Best seven teams of the 2013 Indonesian Premier League followed the verification to be in that unified league. But only Semen Padang, Persiba Bantul, Persijap, and PSM that passed the verification while Perseman, Persepar, and Pro Duta failed, making 2014 season followed by 22 teams.[7]
Government intervention and FIFA suspension[edit]
Minister of Youth and Sports Affairs (Menpora), Imam Nahrawi, officially banned PSSI on 18 April 2015. This decision was taken because PSSI did not recognize the results of BOPI's recommendations not to pass verification of Arema Cronus and Persebaya. Previously, Menpora had sent three letters of reprimand. But up to a predetermined deadline, PSSI does not provide an answer.[8] It made PSSI officially stopped all competitions in 2015 season after PSSI Executive Committee meeting on 2 May 2015.[9]
FIFA also suspend PSSI on 30 May 2015 because the Indonesian government has committed a violation through intervention.[10] During suspension, some tournaments were made to replace the competition, starting with the Indonesia President's Cup2015 where Persib came out as champions, until Bhayangkara Cup closed the tournament games. And then a long-term tournament with full competition format, Indonesia Soccer Championship was held in 2016 season where Persipura won that tournament.[11]
On 13 May 2016, FIFA officially revoked the suspension PSSI, following revocation by Menpora on 10 May 2016.[12]
Name changes[edit]
In 2017, the competition starts again using the new official name Liga 1. The name changes also applied to Premier Division (became Liga 2) and Liga Nusantara (became Liga 3).[2] The competition operator was also changed from PT Liga Indonesia (LI) to PT Liga Indonesia Baru (LIB).[13]Bhayangkara was the first winner to be produced from the competition with this new name, beating Bali United with a head-to-head advantage because both teams had the same points.[14]
Competition format[edit]Competition[edit]
There are 18 clubs in Liga 1. During the course of a season each club plays the others twice (a double round-robin system), once at their home stadium and once at that of their opponents', for 34 games. Teams receive three points for a win and one point for a draw. No points are awarded for a loss. Teams are ranked by total points, then head-to-head records, then goal difference, and then goals scored. If still equal, a drawing held to determine which clubs is above the other.[15] The three lowest placed teams are relegated into Liga 2, and the top two teams from Liga 2, together with the winner of third place play-off involving the loser of Liga 2 semifinals, are promoted in their place.
Promotion and relegation[edit]
A system of promotion and relegation exists between Liga 1 and Liga 2. The three lowest placed teams in Liga 1 are relegated to Liga 2, and the top two teams from Liga 2 promoted to the Liga 1, with an additional team promoted after a third place play-off involving the loser of Liga 2 semifinals. Liga 1 had 22 teams in 2014 for the merging of the two professional leagues in Indonesia – Indonesia Premier League and Indonesia Super League, but originally until present time, it is 18-team format.
Clubs[edit]
Thirty-six clubs have played in the Liga 1 from its inception in 2008 as Indonesia Super League, up to and including the 2019 season.
Champions[edit]
Most successful clubs[edit]
2019 season[edit]
The following 18 clubs will compete in the Liga 1 during the 2019 season.
a: Founding member of the Indonesia Super League/Liga 1
b: Never been relegated from Indonesia Super League/Liga 1 Maps[edit]
Locations of the 2019 Liga 1 teams
Other clubs[edit]
The following clubs are not competing in the Liga 1 during the 2019 season, but competed in the Indonesia Super League/Liga 1 for at least one season.
a: Founding member of the Indonesia Super League/Liga 1
All-time Liga 1 table[edit]
The All-time Liga 1 table is an overall record of all match results, points, and goals of every team that has played in Liga 1/Indonesia Super League since its inception in 2008. The table is accurate as of the end of the 2018 season. Because the 2014 season used a two-region format, as per statistical convention in football, matches decided in extra time are counted as wins and losses, while matches decided by penalty shoot-outs are counted as draws. This all-time table also include the abandoned 2015 season.
League or status at 2019:
Players[edit]Foreign players[edit]![]()
Foreign players policy has changed multiple times since the league inception.
Awards[edit]
Klasemen Liga 1 Gojek Traveloka
Best coaches[edit]
Sponsorship[edit]
Media coverage[edit]Current (2019–2020)[edit]
Former[edit]
See also[edit]Liga 1 Gojek TravelokaReferences[edit]
Klasemen Gojek Liga 1External links[edit]
Hasil Liga 1 Gojek Traveloka
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